View source for Photography Jargon Buster

== S ==
'''Sheet film:''' Film cut into sheets, typically used in larger format photography, specifically where film with a footprint larger than 4x5 inches.


'''Shutter:''' The shutter is the part of the camera that opens and closes like a curtain to allow light from the lens to pass through to the sensor.
*Shutter lag: The time it takes from when the shutter release button is pressed, to when the shutter opens. Older point and shoot cameras, and some SLR's often had lag up to one or two seconds before the shutter was opened.
*Shutter speed: The amount of time it takes for the shutter to open and close. On most SLRs the shutter speed can be manually controlled. The Canon EOS 20D has a shutter which can open and close in 1/8000th of a second, or be set to stay open for as long as the shutter release button is held down.


'''Silhouette:''' An image in which the foreground is completely black, and the background is well lit. No foreground detail can usually be seen.


'''Spool:''' A cylindrical device used to hold film for use in an older film camera. Typically in 35mm format film, a spool will sit inside a canister designed to make loading and unloading of film as easy as possible.
In medium format cameras, two spools are used, one holding the film prior to taking photos, and the other which the film is advanced/taken up on by the movement of the motor mechanism or manual wind mechanism.

The difference between the two formats is that with 35mm format film, the film is loaded onto a sprocket mechanism which advances the film (either motor or manual advance), and when the roll is finished, a motor rewinds the film back into the canister. With the medium format system, two spools are used, with film advancing to the other spool as photos are taken. The medium format system requires the use of an empty spool at all times.


'''SuperCCD:''' The Colour Filter Array employed by Fujifilm in some of its camera designs.  It differs from the Bayer filter in that its grid of pixels is rotated by 45°, and the pixels themselves are octagonal, resulting in a honeycomb pattern.  The small spaces between each cluster of four pixels contain a smaller photosite that measures the luminance or brightness at that point, rather than colour.  The result is that once the image is interpolated, it contains more dynamic range and more detail than an image of the same size from a Bayer sensor of the same physical size.